Dark matter introduction

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Introduction

First observational evidences

The galactic rotation problem

Dark matter within galaxies

Dark matter between galaxies

Dark matter Composition

Nonbaryonic

String theory

Dark matter introduction

In astrophysics, dark matter reffers to undetectable matter or particles whose presence explains unexpected gravitational effects on galaxies and stars. Various assumptions were made on the composition of dark matter :

Molecular gas,

dead stars,

Brown dwarf stars,

Black holes, etc

However, the observations (or rather lack of direct observations) would imply a non-baryonic nature (proton, neutro), and thus still unknown nature. According to galaxies formation and evolution models as well as cosmological models, dark matter would represent approximately 30% of the total mass of the Universe.